See the picture below

Vertically transmitted infection of the fetus and new born are two types

—Congenital infection: Infection transmitted to the fetus in utero except last 5-7 days.

—Perinatal infection: Infection may be acquired intrapartum or in the post partum period. Sometime may acquired through breast feeding.

An acronym first used in 1971

T : Toxoplasma

O : Others – Syphilis, Gonococcal ophthalmia, Tuberculosis, Malaria, Vericella, Hepatitis B, ECHO and Parbovirus B19 and HIV.

R : Rubella

C : Cytomegalovirus

H : Herpes simplex hominis

—Manifested for few days to weeks

—Viral infection in early pregnancy: fetal death, congenital
malformation and severe disease

—Incidence : 0.5 – 2.0% of all birth

—Cytomegalovirus and Rubella are common